How do architecture/interior design websites source their photos — and do they own the commercial rights?

Hey everyone,

I've been trying to understand how the photo pipeline works for online publications that cover architecture and interior design — sites like Dezeen, ArchDaily, Yellowtrace, Divisare, Design Milk, etc.

I have a few specific questions and would love to hear from anyone who has experience with this, whether as a photographer, editor, or designer who's had their project featured:

1. Who holds the commercial rights to the images they publish? If a photo appears on ArchDaily or Dezeen, does the website hold a commercial license and can use it in any case (promotions, affiliate offers), or does the photographer retain full rights and just grant editorial usage for that article?

2. Are there any standard industry contracts or licensing models that govern this, or is it more of a case-by-case situation?

I'm asking because I want to better understand the rights chain before reaching out to anyone, and I'd rather not step on any toes.

Appreciate any insights — thank you!